Hey guys, I am Jesim Hamza a PHP developer. I have devoted my time to teaching and training students who aspire and determined to become a programmer. And today in this post we will discuss a very important aspect that should not be left out in your Programming journey 'Difference Between POP and OOP'. First let's list out the points we will discuss in this post.

  • What is Programming paradigm
  • What is Procedural Oriented Programming (POP)
  • What is Object Oriented Programming (OOP)
  • POP vs OOP
Before we begin, do not forget to comment or ask any question you find difficulty. And if you're in need of an online Programming tutor contact me via WhatsApp @ +2348076839855
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What is Programming Paradigm

Programming Paradigm is basically the classification of programming languages based on their characteristics and usage. There are different kind of programming paradigm such as procedural programming, object-oriented programming, logical programming, declarative programming etc. However the most common is the procedural and object oriented programming. Hence every Programmers should have idea or better still know what they both are and which one suits his project the best.

What is Procedural Oriented Programming (POP)

Procedural Programming is a programming paradigm that is base on subroutines or procedure calls. These procedure calls are also known as functions. They contain sequential steps written to perform some specific task. Functions are defined using a unique name with or without parameters. Procedural oriented languages were first developed in the 1950s or 1960s and some of them include Algol, Basic, Fortran etc.

Features of POP

  • Predefined Functions : These are standard set of instructions defined by unique name designed to perform specific task
  • Modularity: POP provides modularity that aim at breaking the program into smaller modules and designed to perform simple independent task. These modules are later combined to solve bigger or complex task.
  • Scoping: Scoping refers to the area of the program where named entities (such as variables) can be accessed. Scoping can either be local or global
  • Libraries: Libraries are collections of predefined functions, classes, codes, etc that can be used throughout the program

Advantages of POP

  • In Procedural programming source code is portable. This means code that is written once can be used in other systems.
  • Any type and kind of program can be written using POP
  • It can be used to reduce code redundancy
  • Easy flow tracking

Disadvantages of POP

  • It takes much time and effort in building large scale application
  • Procedural programming is not recommended for data sensitive project since it's focus is not on data security

What is Object Oriented Programming (OOP)

Object oriented Programming is based on the idea of objects to represents the data and methods of a computer programming. The approach of OOP is used to create a neat and reusable codes instead of a redundant codes. 
OOP is divided into objects and several programs. Objects are use to represent different part of the application having its own logic and data for better communication between themselves.

Features of OOP

  • Inheritance: Inheritance is a feature of OOP that allows classes to inherit common properties from other classes. Types of inheritance includes: Single inheritance, multiple inheritance, multilevel inheritance, hierarchical inheritance and hybrid inheritance.
  • Encapsulation: Encapsulation refers to binding the data and codes that works together in a single unit. A typical example is Classes.
  • Polymorphism: Polymorphism refers to an object which can exist in multiple form. Multiple definition can be given to a single interface. Types of Polymorphism includes Static and Dynamic polymorphism.
  • Data Abstraction

Advantages of OOP

  • It allows clarity in programming, therefore enable simplicity in solving complex programs
  • Codes can be used through inheritance thereby reducing redundancy
  • Private data can be kept confidential
  • It is very flexible to use

Procedural Vs Object Oriented Programming

In Procedural programming programs are divided into functions that are created to execute independent task while in object oriented programming  programs are divided into objects.

Access specifier determine the accessibility of classes, methods etc. Procedural programming has no concept of access specifier whereas object oriented programming makes use of access specifiers such as public, private, protected etc.

Very less security is available in procedural programming while object oriented programming has high amount of security provided.

When it comes to data sharing, procedural programming allows data sharing between functions within a system while object oriented programming data are shared between objects in classes through inheritance.

Data hiding is not possible in procedural programming whereas in object oriented programming data can be hidden using encapsulation
There are still lots of differences between POP and OOP. Incase you have any doubt or queries leave your below. Thanks reading.